# EPUBCheck NAV-011: … nav must be in reading order; link…

Source: https://epublab.com/epubcheck/nav-011/ (updated 2026-11-03)

EPUBCheck NAV-011 is a warning message: “"…" nav must be in reading order; link target "…" is before the previous link’s target in … order.” The entries of a nav are not in reading order: a link points to a place before the previous entry's target.

- Official message (EPUBCheck 5.4.0): "%1$s" nav must be in reading order; link target "%2$s" is before the previous link’s target in %3$s order.
- Default severity: Warning

## Typical causes

- A table of contents edited by hand whose order no longer matches the spine.
- A chapter moved in the spine without updating the table of contents.

## How to fix it

- Reorder the nav entries to match the spine and the order inside each document, or fix the spine if it is the spine that is wrong.

Message text and severity: EPUBCheck (W3C, BSD-3-Clause). Explanation: EPUBLab.