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EPUBCheck · Package document (OPF)

OPF-033

Updated:

EPUBCheck OPF-033 is an error message: “The spine contains no linear resources.” Every item in the spine is marked linear="no", so there is nothing to read from start to end.

The official message

The spine contains no linear resources.

Default severity
Error. The EPUB breaks a rule of the specification and is invalid. Stores and Send to Kindle may reject it, and EPUBCheck exits with status 1.
EPUBCheck version
5.4.0

Typical causes

  • linear="no" applied to all items by mistake.

How to fix it

  • Remove linear="no" from the items that make up the main text.

Terms used here

Other OPF messages

  • OPF-034 The spine contains multiple references to the manifest item with id "…".
  • OPF-031 File listed in reference element in guide was not declared in OPF manifest: ….
  • OPF-035 Media type "text/html" is not appropriate for XHTML/OPS.
  • OPF-030 The unique-identifier "…" was not found.
  • OPF-029 The file "…" does not appear to match the media type …, as specified in the OPF file.
  • OPF-028 Undeclared prefix: "…".

Message text and severity from EPUBCheck 5.4.0 (W3C, BSD-3-Clause). Explanation by EPUBLab.

FAQ

What does EPUBCheck OPF-033 mean?

EPUBCheck OPF-033 is an error message: “The spine contains no linear resources.” Every item in the spine is marked linear="no", so there is nothing to read from start to end.

Is OPF-033 an error?

OPF-033 is reported as error by default. The EPUB breaks a rule of the specification and is invalid. Stores and Send to Kindle may reject it, and EPUBCheck exits with status 1.